Dynamic Modeling and Control of PMSG-Based Wind Turbine Systems for Grid Stability

Abstract

The growing introduction of wind energy into the contemporary power grids poses a lot of threat in which grid instability is the main challenge mostly because of the nature variability and unpredictability of wind resources. The research paper is a dynamic modeling and control framework of a wind turbine system based on Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) to improve grid stability and power quality. To provide effective decoupled control of active and reactive power, a Field-Oriented Control (FOC) approach with Proportional-Integral (PI) controllers will be suggested to achieve the operation stability under the different wind and grid conditions. The entire system that comprises of wind turbine, PMSG, back-to-back converters, and grid interface is modeled and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink. Key electrical measurements are used to assess the performance of the proposed control scheme and these include the active power tracking, DC-link voltage regulation and the total harmonic distortion (THD). Simulation outcomes prove that the suggested FOC-based PI control can ensure a considerable enhancement in the system performance, and has rapid dynamic reaction, less overshoot, and has DC-link voltage that lies within a range deviation of 1.5%. The grid current THD is also minimised to less than 3.2% of the standard IEEE requirements and active power tracking is over 98% accurate with variable wind conditions. These findings prove the usefulness of the suggested strategy in improving grid stability and reliable integration of systems of wind energy.